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gitea/docs/content/doc/features/comparison.zh-tw.md
Jason Song 4011821c94
Implement actions (#21937) 
Close #13539.

Co-authored by: @lunny @appleboy @fuxiaohei and others.

Related projects:
- https://gitea.com/gitea/actions-proto-def
- https://gitea.com/gitea/actions-proto-go
- https://gitea.com/gitea/act
- https://gitea.com/gitea/act_runner

### Summary

The target of this PR is to bring a basic implementation of "Actions",
an internal CI/CD system of Gitea. That means even though it has been
merged, the state of the feature is **EXPERIMENTAL**, and please note
that:

- It is disabled by default;
- It shouldn't be used in a production environment currently;
- It shouldn't be used in a public Gitea instance currently;
- Breaking changes may be made before it's stable.

**Please comment on #13539 if you have any different product design
ideas**, all decisions reached there will be adopted here. But in this
PR, we don't talk about **naming, feature-creep or alternatives**.

### ⚠️ Breaking

`gitea-actions` will become a reserved user name. If a user with the
name already exists in the database, it is recommended to rename it.

### Some important reviews

- What is `DEFAULT_ACTIONS_URL` in `app.ini` for?
  - https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/21937#discussion_r1055954954
- Why the api for runners is not under the normal `/api/v1` prefix?
  - https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/21937#discussion_r1061173592
- Why DBFS?
  - https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/21937#discussion_r1061301178
- Why ignore events triggered by `gitea-actions` bot?
  - https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/21937#discussion_r1063254103
- Why there's no permission control for actions?
  - https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/21937#discussion_r1090229868

### What it looks like

<details>

#### Manage runners

<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205870657-c72f590e-2e08-4cd4-be7f-2e0abb299bbf.png">

#### List runs

<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205872794-50fde990-2b45-48c1-a178-908e4ec5b627.png">


#### View logs

<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205872501-9b7b9000-9542-4991-8f55-18ccdada77c3.png">



</details>

### How to try it

<details>

#### 1. Start Gitea

Clone this branch and [install from
source](https://docs.gitea.io/en-us/install-from-source).

Add additional configurations in `app.ini` to enable Actions:

```ini
[actions]
ENABLED = true
```

Start it.

If all is well, you'll see the management page of runners:

<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205877365-8e30a780-9b10-4154-b3e8-ee6c3cb35a59.png">


#### 2. Start runner

Clone the [act_runner](https://gitea.com/gitea/act_runner), and follow
the
[README](https://gitea.com/gitea/act_runner/src/branch/main/README.md)
to start it.

If all is well, you'll see a new runner has been added:

<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205878000-216f5937-e696-470d-b66c-8473987d91c3.png">

#### 3. Enable actions for a repo

Create a new repo or open an existing one, check the `Actions` checkbox
in settings and submit.

<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205879705-53e09208-73c0-4b3e-a123-2dcf9aba4b9c.png">
<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205879383-23f3d08f-1a85-41dd-a8b3-54e2ee6453e8.png">

If all is well, you'll see a new tab "Actions":

<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205881648-a8072d8c-5803-4d76-b8a8-9b2fb49516c1.png">

#### 4. Upload workflow files

Upload some workflow files to `.gitea/workflows/xxx.yaml`, you can
follow the [quickstart](https://docs.github.com/en/actions/quickstart)
of GitHub Actions. Yes, Gitea Actions is compatible with GitHub Actions
in most cases, you can use the same demo:

```yaml
name: GitHub Actions Demo
run-name: ${{ github.actor }} is testing out GitHub Actions 🚀
on: [push]
jobs:
  Explore-GitHub-Actions:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - run: echo "🎉 The job was automatically triggered by a ${{ github.event_name }} event."
      - run: echo "🐧 This job is now running on a ${{ runner.os }} server hosted by GitHub!"
      - run: echo "🔎 The name of your branch is ${{ github.ref }} and your repository is ${{ github.repository }}."
      - name: Check out repository code
        uses: actions/checkout@v3
      - run: echo "💡 The ${{ github.repository }} repository has been cloned to the runner."
      - run: echo "🖥️ The workflow is now ready to test your code on the runner."
      - name: List files in the repository
        run: |
          ls ${{ github.workspace }}
      - run: echo "🍏 This job's status is ${{ job.status }}."
```

If all is well, you'll see a new run in `Actions` tab:

<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205884473-79a874bc-171b-4aaf-acd5-0241a45c3b53.png">

#### 5. Check the logs of jobs

Click a run and you'll see the logs:

<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205884800-994b0374-67f7-48ff-be9a-4c53f3141547.png">

#### 6. Go on

You can try more examples in [the
documents](https://docs.github.com/en/actions/using-workflows/workflow-syntax-for-github-actions)
of GitHub Actions, then you might find a lot of bugs.

Come on, PRs are welcome.

</details>

See also: [Feature Preview: Gitea
Actions](https://blog.gitea.io/2022/12/feature-preview-gitea-actions/)

---------

Co-authored-by: a1012112796 <1012112796@qq.com>
Co-authored-by: Lunny Xiao <xiaolunwen@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: delvh <dev.lh@web.de>
Co-authored-by: ChristopherHX <christopher.homberger@web.de>
Co-authored-by: John Olheiser <john.olheiser@gmail.com>
2023-01-31 09:45:19 +08:00

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---
date: "2018-05-07T13:00:00+02:00"
title: "比較 Gitea 和其它自託管 Git 服務"
slug: "comparison"
weight: 5
toc: false
draft: false
menu:
sidebar:
parent: "features"
name: "比較"
weight: 5
identifier: "comparison"
---
# 比較 Gitea 和其它自託管 Git 服務
**目錄**
{{< toc >}}
為了幫助您判斷 Gitea 是否適合您的需求，這裡列出了它和其它自託管 Git 服務的比較。
請注意我們不會經常檢查其它產品的功能異動，所以這份清單可能過期，如果您在下方表格中找到需要更新的資料，請在 [GitHub 的 Issue](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues) 回報。
表格中使用的符號：
- ✓ - 支援
- ⁄ - 有限度的支援
- ✘ - 不支援
## 一般功能
| 功能 | Gitea | Gogs | GitHub EE | GitLab CE | GitLab EE | BitBucket | RhodeCode CE |
| ------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------- | ---- | --------- | --------- | --------- | --------- | ------------ |
| 免費及開放原始碼 | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ | ✓ |
| 低資源使用 (RAM/CPU) | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 支援多種資料庫 | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ⁄ | ⁄ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 支援多種作業系統 | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✓ |
| 簡單的升級程序 | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ |
| 支援 Markdown | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 支援 Orgmode | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ? |
| 支援 CSV | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ | ✓ | ? |
| 支援第三方渲染工具 | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✓ | ? |
| Git 驅動的靜態頁面 | [✘](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/302) | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| Git 驅動的整合 wiki | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ |
| 部署 Token | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 有寫入權限的儲存庫 Token | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ |
| 內建 Container Registry | [✘](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/2316) | ✘ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 對外部 Git 鏡像 | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| FIDO (2FA) | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ |
| 內建 CI/CD | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 子群組: 群組中的群組 | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ |
## 程式碼管理
| 功能 | Gitea | Gogs | GitHub EE | GitLab CE | GitLab EE | BitBucket | RhodeCode CE |
| ----------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ | ---- | --------- | --------- | --------- | --------- | ------------ |
| 儲存庫主題描述 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 儲存庫程式碼搜尋 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 全域程式碼搜尋 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Git LFS 2.0 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ⁄ | ✓ |
| 群組里程碑 | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 精細的使用者權限（程式碼, 問題, Wiki 等） | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 驗證提交者 | ⁄ | ✘ | ? | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ |
| GPG 簽署提交 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 拒絕未經簽署的提交 | [✓](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/9708) | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ |
| 儲存庫動態頁 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 分支管理 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 建立新分支 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 網頁程式碼編輯器 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 提交線圖 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 儲存庫範本 | [✓](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/8768) | ✘ | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ |
## 問題追蹤器
| 功能 | Gitea | Gogs | GitHub EE | GitLab CE | GitLab EE | BitBucket | RhodeCode CE |
| -------------------- | -------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------- | --------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------- | --------- | ------------ |
| 問題追蹤器 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ |
| 問題範本 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 標籤 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 時間追蹤 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 指派問題給多個成員 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 相關問題 | ✘ | ✘ | ⁄ | [✓](https://docs.gitlab.com/ce/user/project/issues/related_issues.html) | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 機密問題 | [✘](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/3217) | ✘ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 對留言的反應 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 鎖定對話 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 批次處理問題 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 問題看板（看板方法） | [✓](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/8346) | ✘ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 從問題建立新分支 | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 問題搜尋 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ |
| 全域問題搜尋 | [✘](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/2434) | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ |
| 問題相依 | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 從電子郵件建立問題 | [✘](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/6226) | [✘](https://github.com/gogs/gogs/issues/2602) | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ |
| 服務台 | [✘](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/6219) | ✘ | ✘ | [✓](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/-/epics/3103) | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
## 拉取/合併請求
| 功能 | Gitea | Gogs | GitHub EE | GitLab CE | GitLab EE | BitBucket | RhodeCode CE |
| -------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------- | ---- | --------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------ |
| 拉取/合併請求 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Squash 合併 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | [✓](https://docs.gitlab.com/ce/user/project/merge_requests/squash_and_merge.html) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Rebase 合併 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ⁄ | ✘ | ✓ |
| 拉取/合併請求的行內留言 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 拉取/合併請求的核可 | ✓ | ✘ | ⁄ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 解決合併衝突 | [✘](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/5158) | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ |
| 限制某些使用者的推送及合併 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ⁄ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 還原指定的提交或合併請求 | [✘](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/5158) | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ |
| 拉取/合併請求範本 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| Cherry-picking 變更 | [✘](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/5158) | ✘ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 下載 Patch | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | [/](https://jira.atlassian.com/plugins/servlet/mobile#issue/BCLOUD-8323) | ✘ |
## 第三方整合
| 功能 | Gitea | Gogs | GitHub EE | GitLab CE | GitLab EE | BitBucket | RhodeCode CE |
| ------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ | ---- | --------- | --------- | --------- | --------- | ------------ |
| 支援 Webhook | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 自訂 Git Hook | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 整合 AD / LDAP | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 支援多重 LDAP / AD 伺服器 | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 同步 LDAP 使用者 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| SAML 2.0 service provider | [✘](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/5512) | [✘](https://github.com/gogs/gogs/issues/1221) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ |
| 支援 OpenId Connect | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ? | ✘ |
| 整合 OAuth 2.0 (外部驗證) | ✓ | ✘ | ⁄ | ✓ | ✓ | ? | ✓ |
| 成為 OAuth 2.0 提供者 | [✓](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/5378) | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ |
| 兩步驟驗證 (2FA) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ |
| 整合 Mattermost/Slack | ✓ | ✓ | ⁄ | ✓ | ✓ | ⁄ | ✓ |
| 整合 Discord | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 整合 Microsoft Teams | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ |
| 顯示外部 CI/CD 狀態 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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